China just revealed a major state secret: nearly 20% of its farmland is polluted
Almost one-fifth of China’s farmland is polluted, according to a government report released this week. Officials have acknowledged
the country’s problems with water and air pollution, but the extent of
soil contamination has been a closely guarded “state secret,” for fear
of incriminating certain provinces or companies.
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About
19.4% of China’s farmland is polluted by cadmium, nickel and arsenic,
according to the seven-year study that analyzed a little over half of
China’s entire land area. One-fifth of China’s total arable land is about 26 million hectares (64 million acres), the same area as the United Kingdom, by the most recent estimates.
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The
pollution is concentrated around the Yangtze and Pearl River Deltas—key
sources of water in the country and home to millions of people—as well
as in parts of the south where much of China’s rice is grown. Last year,
half of all samples of rice in Guangzhou were found to have poisonous levels of cadmium,
a chemical that can cause kidney failure when ingested. The main causes
are agriculture and industry, the report said. (Farmers contribute to soil pollution with their use of fertilizers and pesticides and improper disposal of animal waste.)
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Why
officials chose to release the results isn’t clear. Authorities have
recently admitted environmental mistakes, like the existence of
villages near industrial plants where cancer rates have soared, which
they had long denied. Still, the soil study results may be optimistic.
In December, an official said 3 million hectares of Chinese farmland are
now too polluted to even grow crops on. Other estimates of China’s soil pollution are as much as 40-70% of total land, as we’ve noted before.
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